How small is the smallest machine in the world?
The answer is that only one thousandth of the hair is thick!
In the field of synthetic chemistry
Micro -elevator, miniature motor, micro -shrinking muscle
They all have a common name:
Molecular machine
May 10th (Friday) morning
“Pujiang Science Master Forum” No. 6
It will be held at Fudan University Xianghui Hall
2016 Nobel Prize in Chemistry Award
Bernard Lucas Felinka
(Bernard Lucas Fric
The art of making “small”: from molecular switch to molecular motor
Share his scientific story for the title
(Will be in the “Shanghai Technology” video number,
Douyin, live broadcast on station B synchronized ~)
Before the master’s lecture
Appreciate it first
The wonderfulness of the microcontrol world!
01
Micro -molecular world and human societyWhat kind of connection?
first,“Small” is the foundation of all “big”.Studying a small small thing that the naked eye is not visible will help us understand the law of the world -this is not only a scientist’s exploration of curiosity, but also an important step for humans to pursue the origin of the world and broaden the cognitive boundary.
Secondly,“Small” itself has unique value.The research on “small” can reshape our lifestyle.Those who live in the last century probably couldn’t imagine it anyway. Today we can hold the computer that was stuffed with the entire room.It is precisely because scientists have continuously reduced the size of the transistor for decades that human beings have the convenience of communicating and obtaining information today.
This can be seen,If the machine is made to the molecular scale, it may also bring revolutionary changes to human society.Of course, the problems faced by the construction of molecular machines are not the same as the above -mentioned areas -it is a major challenge for chemistry and physics, which is mainly concentrated in synthetic chemistry, molecular assembly and nanotechnology.
02
What are the important research results of Professor Ferrich?
Bernard Lucas Fayga, born in 1951, was born in the Netherlands, organic chemists, mainly engaged in research in the fields of molecular machines and organic asymmetry.
The 2016 Nobel Prize in Chemistry was awarded to three scientific researchers including Professor Ferrich to recognize their contributions in the field of molecular machines.Among them, Professor Feilinjia designed and synthesized aMolecular Motor, which can rotate rotatingThis motor can drive a glass stick (28 microns long) that is 10,000 times larger than itself, so as to complete the key part of the research in the field of molecular machineEssence
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Molecular car designed and synthesized by Professor Ferrich.Image source: nature
03
What is a molecular machine,What is its important value?
The molecular machine is a device that can be transformed into motion output at the molecular level to transform external energy input into motion output.Popularly speaking,The molecular machine is a machine running at the micro -scale at the molecular level. It can also be said that it isThe smallest machine in the worldEssence
The emergence of molecular machines has pushed chemical research to a new dimension, which can be described as a “molecular revolution”.Different from the machines we use in daily life, mainly based on machinery and physical principles, molecular machines focus on molecular research.In the future, molecular machines may be used in cutting -edge fields such as new sensors, new materials and energy storage systems.
The molecular motor of Professor Ferrica is a component of the macro -in -level engines in the micro -level.He once said:“Once the movement is controlled at the molecular level, it provides the possibility of controlling other forms of exercise. This research results have opened a broad prospect for the development of new materials in the future.”
04
What is the research history of molecular machines?
The idea of “making machines with molecular” has long been.As early as 1959, physicist Richard Phillips Feynman talked about the problem of “manipulating and controlling things in a small area”.Machines formed.
Twenty years later, Eric Drexler, a pioneer of nanotechnology, accidentally discovered Ferman’s manuscript on machine lectures.He made further development on the basis of Ferman’s imagination, and published a paper entitled “Molecular Engineering” in 1981.In the article, Drexler proposed the idea of manipulating the chemical process and even the construction of new materials through the molecular size machine.
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Image source: RSC; Univ. Groningen; vincent kessler/reuters
Later, it was the work of the three Nobel Prize winners.First of all, Professor Jean-Pierre Sauvage successfully synthesized a name calledCatenane (Catenane)Two interconnected ring molecules, these two molecules can move relatively; then Professor Sir J. Fraser Stoddart synthesizedRotaxane (Rotaxane), To be put on a dumbbell -shaped wire -shaped axis, and the ring molecules can move around this shaft, and successfully achieved the “molecular elevator” with a rise in height of 0.7 nanometers and “”Molecular muscles”; Finally, Professor Felinjia designed and synthesizedMolecularEssenceWith these three key components, the concept of molecular machines is completely built.
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Rotane (left), cable hydrocarbon (right).Image source: wikipedia
05
Professor Felinjia once said that the power of chemistry is not only understood, but also to create those molecules and substances that have never existed.How should I understand?
For scientific researchers in the field of chemistry, especially in the field of organic chemistry,Its important mission is to synthesize the new molecular structure that does not exist in the world, realize the function of new materials, while providing new scientific insightsEssence
Today we go deep into the micro -world and study the art of “small” is to welcome new opportunities and challenges at another time and space -this is the embodiment of chemical unique charm and creativity.Eternal pursuit.
reporter:
Bernard Lucas Felinka
(Bernard Lucas Fricinga)
Vantehoff molecular scientific honorary professor
Academician of the Royal Academy of Sciences in the Netherlands
Academician of European Academy of Sciences
Foreign academician of the National Academy of Sciences
Foreign Academician of the Academy of Humanities and Sciences
Foreign academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences
2016 Nobel Prize in Chemistry Award
Report theme:
The art of making “small”: from molecular switch to molecular motor
Report Abstract:
The molecular motor and machine that maintains life provides a source of inspiration for nano -molecular scientists.One of the main challenges facing complex artificial molecular system design is the response regulation of dynamic and non -balanced behaviors.The chemical system and adaptive materials ultimately need to integrate the structure, tissue and function of multi -component dynamic molecular assembly at different levels. One of the main goals is to achieve linear and rotating motion at the molecular level.
This report will focus on the dynamic regulation and assembly process of the function molecular system.By designing molecular switches and motors, the molecular movement is coupled with specific functions.For example, photopharical science provides important opportunities for light control biological functions; optical response motion will also be reflected in self -assembly and soft material materials, focusing on how to achieve collaborative movements, and achieve multi -scale multi -scale in two -dimensional and three -dimensional assembly bodies.Dynamic integration and amplification.Finally, by introducing the synthesis and functional applications of molecular motors and its machines, the future dynamic molecular system and materials are outlook.
★ Pujiang Science Master Forum ★
Let the thoughts of top scientists spread to the world from Shanghai, present the beauty of science, the light of science, and science to the world.The “Pujiang Science Master Forum” was initiated and supervised by the Shanghai CPPCC.Hosted, it was funded by the popular science project of the Shanghai Science and Technology Commission. It aims to create a large platform for the world’s top scientists to show scientific ideas and the base camp that leads the peak of human climbing.An important platform for innovation sources and promoting the construction of science and technology innovation centers.This year, the forum is planned to hold 4 issues, and the world’s well -known top scientists are invited to give a lecture. Welcome to pay attention to the official website http://shmfs.com.cn to inquire about relevant information.
Source: Fudan University
Edit: gina.z
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